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AMPP-PCS exam Format | AMPP-PCS Course Contents | AMPP-PCS Course Outline | AMPP-PCS exam Syllabus | AMPP-PCS exam Objectives

Exam Code: AMPP-PCS

Exam Name: AMPP Protective Coatings Specialist

Number of Questions: Approximately 150 multiple-choice questions.

Time Allotted: 4 hours (240 minutes).

Passing Score: 70% (This is a scaled score- meaning it is statistically adjusted and is not a simple 70% of the questions correct).

Exam Format: Computer-Based Test (CBT) at approved Pearson VUE testing centers worldwide.

Question Type: Multiple-choice

Language: English.



Domain 1: Coating Condition Assessment

Domain 2: Cost and Life Cycle of Coating Projects

Domain 3: Project Management

Domain 4: Coating Selection

Domain 5: Corrosion

Domain 6: Surface Preparation/Application

Domain 7: Health- Safety- and Environment

Domain 8: Inspection

Domain 9: Specification

Domain 10: Failure Analysis



Domain 1: Coating Condition Assessment

- Assessment Methodologies: Visual exam- tactile exam- use of exam tools (e.g.- adhesion testers- holiday detectors- dew point meters- digital thermometers- surface profile comparators).

- Defect Identification: Recognizing and categorizing coating failures (e.g.- blistering- rusting- cracking- delamination- chalking- fading- mud cracking).

- Remaining Service Life Forecasting: Using exam data to predict when a coating will no longer be effective and require repair or replacement.

- Data Collection and Documentation: Systematic recording of findings (photos- notes- sketches) to create a comprehensive condition report.

- ASTM Standards: Understanding standards like ASTM D610 (Rust Grade)- ASTM D714 (Blistering)- ASTM D3359 (Adhesion)- and ASTM D3276 (Gloss).



- Adhesion Failure

- Cohesive Failure

- Rust Grade

- Blister Size/Density

- Chalking Rating

- Dry Film Thickness (DFT)

- Holiday/Pinhole

- ICRI Concrete Surface Profile (CSP)

- ISO 4628 (Evaluation of degradation of coatings)

- Substrate Condition



Domain 2: Cost and Life Cycle of Coating Projects

- Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA): Calculating the total cost of ownership- including initial cost- maintenance- repainting cycles- and downtime.

- Cost Estimating: Developing detailed cost estimates for surface preparation- materials- labor- equipment- containment- and waste disposal.

- Return on Investment (ROI): Justifying coating selection based on performance and longevity vs. initial cost.

- Value Engineering: Finding the most cost-effective solution that meets the performance requirements without sacrificing quality or service life.

- Ownership Costs: Understanding factors that influence long-term costs (e.g.- accessibility- environmental conditions- service interruptions).



- Net Present Value (NPV)

- Discount Rate

- Service Life

- Initial Cost

- Recurring Cost

- Cost per Square Foot/Meter

- Blast Cleaning Cost Factors

- Downtime Cost

- Asset Valuation.



Domain 3: Project Management

- Project Planning: Defining scope- schedule- budget- and resources. Creating Work Breakdown Structures (WBS).

- Scheduling: Critical Path Method (CPM)- Gantt charts- understanding dependencies between surface prep- application- and inspection.

- Resource Management: Allocating labor- equipment- and materials efficiently.

- Risk Management: Identifying potential project risks (weather- material delays- safety incidents) and developing mitigation strategies.

- Contract Administration: Understanding different contract types (lump sum- time and materials- unit price)- change orders- and claims resolution.

- Communication: Managing stakeholder expectations and ensuring clear communication between owner- contractor- and inspector.

- Scope Creep

- Change Order

- Request for Information (RFI)

- Delay Claim

- Liquidated Damages

- Quality Assurance (QA) vs. Quality Control (QC)

- Project Charter

- Stakeholder

- Contingency.



Domain 4: Coating Selection

- Coating Chemistry: Understanding the properties- advantages- and limitations of major coating types:

- Epoxies- Polyurethanes- Zinc-rich Primers (organic and inorganic)- Alkyds- Acrylics- Vinyls- Chlorinated Rubbers- Silicones- Fluoropolymers.

- Environmental & Service Exposure: Matching coating performance to conditions (Atmospheric- Immersion- Chemical- Abrasion- Temperature).

- Compatibility: Ensuring primer- intermediate- and topcoat are chemically compatible.

- Substrate Considerations: Coatings for steel- concrete- non-ferrous metals- and previously coated surfaces.

- Regulatory and Environmental Drivers: Selecting coatings to meet VOC regulations and other environmental mandates.



- VOC Content

- Solids by Volume

- Pot Life

- Induction Time

- Recoat Window

- Cure vs. Dry

- DFT per coat

- Generic Type

- Chemical Resistance

- Abrasion Resistance

- Gloss Retention

- Galvanic Compatibility.



Domain 5: Corrosion

- Electrochemical Nature of Corrosion: Anode- Cathode- Electrolyte- Metallic Pathway.

- Types of Corrosion: Uniform- Galvanic- Pitting- Crevice- Erosion- Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC).

- Corrosion Control Methods: How coatings function as a barrier and as cathodic protection (in the case of zinc-rich primers).

- Corrosion Zones: Understanding different zones on a structure (e.g.- atmospheric- splash- immersion- buried).

- Economics of Corrosion: The impact of corrosion on infrastructure and industry.



- Anodic Inhibition

- Cathodic Protection (Sacrificial Anode vs. Impressed Current)

- Mill Scale

- Differential Aeration Cell

- Passivation

- Ohm's Law (as it relates to current flow in corrosion).



Domain 6: Surface Preparation and Application

- Surface Preparation Methods:

- Abrasive Blasting (White Metal- Near-White- Commercial- Brush-off)- Waterjetting (WJ-1 to WJ-5)- Hand and Power Tool Cleaning (SP2- SP3- SP11).

- Standards: SSPC-SP and NACE No./ISO 8501-1 visual comparators.

- Surface Profile: Anchor pattern- measurement methods (replica tape- testex- laser profilometer).

- Application Methods: Conventional/air spray- Airless Spray- HVLP (High Volume Low Pressure)- Plural Component Spray- Brush- and Roller.

- Critical Application Parameters: Pressure/Viscosity relationships (Ford Cup- Zahn Cup)- fluid tip/nozzle sizing- fan patterns- transfer efficiency- ambient conditions (temperature- humidity- dew point)- surface temperature.



- Solvent Entrapment

- Overspray

- Orange Peel

- Runs/Sags

- Dry Spray

- Contamination (soluble salts

- chlorides

- sulfates)

- Blast Nozzle Orifice/Throat

- CFM (Cubic Feet per Minute)

- Potentiometer (for heater settings).



Domain 7: Health- Safety- and Environment (HSE)

- Safety Regulations: OSHA standards (e.g.- confined space entry- lockout/tagout- fall protection- respiratory protection).

- Hazard Communication: Safety Data Sheets (SDS)- understanding chemical hazards.

- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Selection and use of respirators- protective suits- gloves- and eye protection.

- Environmental Protection: Containment (containment structures- critical barriers)- waste disposal (filter socks- spent abrasives- waste paint)- spill prevention and control.

- Atmospheric Monitoring: Use of oxygen- LEL (Lower Explosive Limit)- and toxic gas monitors in confined spaces.



- Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)

- Threshold Limit Value (TLV)

- Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health (IDLH)

- Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)

- HAZWOPER

- Lead/Asbestos Awareness

- Flash Point

- Fire Watch.



Domain 8: Inspection

- Inspection Instruments: Proficiency in using and calibrating:

- DFT Gauges (destructive and non-destructive)- Holiday Detectors (Low & High Voltage)- Surface Profile Gauges- Environmental Gauges (Dew Point Meter- Hygrometer- Thermometer)- Visual Comparators.

- Timing of Inspection: Conducting inspections before- during- and after surface prep and application (pre-job conference- pre-surface prep- post-surface prep- pre-application- during application- final inspection).

- Documentation: Completing inspection reports and daily logs accurately.

- Non-Conformance: Identifying and reporting deficiencies and ensuring corrective action is taken.



- Wet Film Thickness (WFT)

- DFT

- Holiday Detection

- Calibration

- Conformance

- Non-Conformance Report (NCR)

- Inspection Checklist

- UV-A Light (for fluorescence crack detection)

- ICRI CSP Comparator.



Domain 9: Specification

- Specification Structure: Understanding the purpose of each section (scope- references- surface preparation- application- inspection- safety- etc.).

- Interpretation: Resolving conflicts or ambiguities within the specification or between the spec and referenced standards.

- Writing Specifications: Defining clear- measurable- and enforceable requirements for materials- procedures- and acceptance criteria.

- Referenced Standards: Deep knowledge of key AMPP- SSPC- NACE- ASTM- and ISO standards commonly called out in specs.

- Roles and Responsibilities: Defining the duties of the owner- contractor- and inspector as per the specification.



- Performance Specification vs. Prescriptive Specification

- Reference Standard

- Acceptance Criteria

- Notice of Intent (NOI)

- Hold Points

- Waiver

- Contractor Quality Control (CQC).



Domain 10: Failure Analysis

- Systematic Investigation Process: Site inspection- documentation- demo collection- laboratory analysis- and reporting.

- Modes of Failure: Differentiating between application failure- specification failure- design failure- and product failure.

- Laboratory Techniques: Understanding the principles of and data provided by techniques like:

- Adhesion Testing (pull-off)- Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)- Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)- Microscopy (for layer identification and DFT verification).

- Report Writing: Preparing a clear- objective- and evidence-based report that states the cause of failure and provides recommendations.



- Root Cause Analysis (RCA)

- Fishbone Diagram

- 5 Whys

- Osmotic Blistering

- Cathodic Disbondment

- Underfilm Corrosion

- Intercoat Contamination

- Improper Cure

- Chalking

- Erosion

- EIS (Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy).

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